Practice area

Commercial Litigation & Dispute Resolution

Organise evidence and preparation around the case theory, court requirements and client instructions. Check every relied-on authority and factual proposition, while separately looking for missing or contradictory material.

Key facts

Tasks covered: 30
Tasks with a step-by-step checklist: 22
Local differences: 3 jurisdictions where this area changes

Jurisdiction

Court AI practice notes AI rules tracker by Australian court and body

Tasks

GreenLawyer reviewYellowClose supervisionRedLawyer-led

Tasks in Commercial Litigation & Dispute Resolution
Task	How AI is used	Human involvement	What the lawyer must review
Build an issue-to-document evidence tableChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for Australia	Organise permitted documents against issues defined by the lawyer, retaining exact page or paragraph references and competing material.	YellowClose supervision	Check the complete relevant record Decide what the evidence supports
Prepare a navigable hearing bundle indexChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for New South Wales	Draft a document index from a final lawyer-selected set, identify apparent duplicates and check proposed page links.	YellowClose supervision	Check every final index entry Confirm the bundle meets the applicable court order or practice requirements
Check authorities and evidence before filing submissionsStart this task See suggested levelsWritten for New South Wales	Extract citations, quotations and evidence references from a draft into a verification table.	YellowClose supervision	Verify each reference directly in reliable sources Record the required statement in the submissions where the court requires one
Check authorities and the record before filing a federal submissionChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract every case name, statute, quotation and record cite from the draft into a verification list.	YellowClose supervision	Open each authority in a reporter or official database Sign only what you can certify under Rule 11 Do not ask another tool whether cites are real; that does not satisfy Mata or Opinion 512
Convert court orders into an action and responsibility listChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for Australia	Tabulate each paragraph of the sealed orders and every later variation into the internal action list, carrying across the step ordered, the party the order names as responsible and any date stated on the face of the order, with the paragraph reference beside each row. Mark every step whose date runs from a triggering event rather than a fixed calendar date, and flag where two orders or a variation touch the same step; the tool calculates no deadline, does not decide which obligation governs and writes no entry the lawyer has not settled.	RedLawyer-led	The lawyer reads the sealed orders and every variation, settles each row of the action list and the responsible person on it, and traces each row back to its paragraph with its conditions, dependencies and service requirements intact. Every relative and fixed date is calculated by the lawyer under the applicable court time rules and the calendar, and any inconsistency between orders or uncertainty about a triggering event is resolved before the file team works to the list.
Draft pleadings from the facts-and-issues briefStart this task See suggested levels	From the facts-and-issues brief, draft a pleading or defence with material facts mapped to each element and a list of particulars still needed.	YellowClose supervision	Confirm every pleaded fact has instructions or evidence on the file Check the court's pleading rules, limitation and the causes of action before filing
Draft a statement of claim, defence, counterclaim or cross-claim from the briefChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	From the brief, draft a statement of claim, defence, counterclaim or cross-claim, mapping facts to elements and listing particulars needed. GPN-AI (Federal Court) or SC Gen 25 (Vic) duties apply.	YellowClose supervision	Ground each fact in instructions or evidence Confirm elements, current statutes and the court's rules (FCR 2011 r 16.02; UCPR NSW; SC rules) Calculate the limitation period yourself Meet GPN-AI or SC Gen 25 duties Avoid over- or under-pleading; both risk strike-out
Draft federal pleadings so they can be verified under Rule 11Checklist Start this task See suggested levels	Produce a first-draft complaint or answer from the instructions and a caption template the lawyer supplies.	YellowClose supervision	Certify the legal contentions yourself Remove any authority you have not opened Keep the facts inside the instructions
Draft an affidavit or witness statement from the proofStart this task See suggested levels	The tool drafts no part of the affidavit or witness statement and suggests no wording for it, in the document or beside it: no skeleton, no structure, no paragraphs. Index the exhibits and annexures against the lawyer's draft, compare that draft with the proofing note and the source documents without proposing replacement wording, list every assertion in the draft for which no source is identified, and flag form departures from the rules of the court, tribunal or arbitration the matter is in, and the jurat, witnessing and annexure-certificate requirements for swearing or signing it.	RedLawyer-led	The lawyer drafts the evidence in the witness's own words from the proof, and the witness must read and adopt it before it is sworn or signed. Nothing goes in that is not in the proof or the documents; argument, opinion and submission stay out of the evidence; and on an interlocutory application the source of any information and belief is stated. The lawyer confirms form, and the jurat, witnessing and annexure certificates, against the rules of the court, tribunal or arbitration the matter is in.
Keep a Victorian affidavit in the witness’s own wordsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Organise a topic list from the witness’s notes so the witness can draft or settle the affidavit in their own words.	RedLawyer-led	Read the affidavit with the witness Delete generated colour, extra facts and any sentence the witness does not adopt
Prepare a Western Australian affidavit without substituting the witness’s voiceChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Organise the witness’s notes into a topic order for a conference. Do not draft the affidavit’s paragraphs.	RedLawyer-led	Read the final affidavit with the witness Remove generated prose even if it is fluent
Keep affidavits in the witness's own wordsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Turn the witness's existing notes into a structured outline of topics for the lawyer and the witness to settle together.	RedLawyer-led	Keep the affidavit as the witness's own evidence Do not let a tool invent facts, witnesses or testimony Remember you remain responsible for everything filed
Keep declaration evidence in the witness's wordsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	The tool writes no part of the declaration and suggests no wording for it: no draft, no structure, no outline, no suggested paragraphs. Organise the witness’s own notes into a topic order for the conference, so the lawyer and the witness settle the text together, and list the topics in the notes that the lawyer’s draft does not yet address, proposing no wording for them.	RedLawyer-led	Keep judgment and the witness's recollection with people (California 2026, Opinion 512) Do not let the tool invent facts
Keep a South Australian affidavit in the witness’s own wordsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	The tool drafts no part of the affidavit or witness statement and suggests no wording for it, in the document or beside it: no draft, no first draft, no scaffold, no skeleton, no suggested paragraphs. Organise the witness’s own notes and the lawyer’s interview record into a topic order for the conference, so the lawyer and the witness settle the text together. Against the draft the lawyer has written, index the annexures, list every assertion for which no source is identified, and check the jurat, witnessing and annexure-certificate requirements for swearing or affirming it in South Australia.	RedLawyer-led	Read the draft with the witness Confirm it fairly records their recollection, neither embellished nor cut down
Review the discovery set and draft a production issues listStart this task See suggested levels	From the permitted discovery set, group documents, flag likely privileged or sensitive items not yet ruled on, and draft a first-pass relevance and issues list.	YellowClose supervision	Make privilege and production calls yourself Do not load discovered or suppressed material into a tool without an express decision
Review the discovery set under Federal Court eDiscovery Practice Note CM 6Checklist Start this task See suggested levels	Group the permitted discovery set, flag likely privileged items, and draft a relevance list, privilege-log entries and chronology. Keep Harman-undertaking documents out of tools that train on or retain inputs.	YellowClose supervision	Validate the seed set and document the protocol Run elusion testing and sampling to a court-accepted recall Review every possibly privileged document (Evidence Act s 122) and the log Check vendor terms against the Harman undertaking (Hearne v Street (2008) 235 CLR 125) Format production to CM 6 or the state practice note
Run document review under FRCP 26 proportionality and a protective orderChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Suggest coding, clustering or issue tags on a closed-environment review set.	YellowClose supervision	Confirm scope under Rule 26(b)(1) Do not put produced discovery into a public tool Keep work-product mental impressions off public models (D.C. Opinion 388)
Draft written submissions from the evidence tableStart this task See suggested levels	Build a structured outline of argument with proposed record citations from the evidence table and authorities list the lawyer supplied.	YellowClose supervision	Verify every citation in a trusted source and against the transcript or exhibit Do not file AI-proposed authorities you have not read
Prepare written submissions so every authority can be openedChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Build a table of every case, statute and quote with the pinpoint the draft relies on.	YellowClose supervision	Open every authority yourself; the Law Society Library checks AI-generated citations Do not ask another tool whether citations are real Remember misuse can breach rr 3, 10.9 and 13.1
Prepare a US brief so citations can be checked in a reporterChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract citations and quotations into a table with pinpoint claims.	YellowClose supervision	Check every line to be filed against a reporter Do not rely uncritically on generated content: it can breach Rules 1.1 and 3.3 (Opinion 512)
Draft a letter of demand or without-prejudice settlement offerStart this task See suggested levels	Draft a first-pass letter of demand or without-prejudice settlement offer from the approved issues table, with a list of figures that still need a source.	YellowClose supervision	Get written client authority for any offer Check form, service and costs-consequence rules for the court before anything is sent
Draft a letter of demand, Calderbank offer or statutory offerChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Draft a letter of demand, without-prejudice letter, Calderbank or statutory offer from the approved issues table, listing figures to source. Statutory offers follow the rules (FCR 2011 Pt 25; UCPR NSW r 20.26; Vic Pt 26).	YellowClose supervision	Get written settlement authority Check comparable figures are real, and check the parties, capacity and without-prejudice label Check form and service; a wrongly made offer carries no costs consequences Confirm settlement binds everyone, including companies in administration
Draft an interlocutory application, supporting evidence and outlineStart this task See suggested levels	Draft the interlocutory process and a submissions outline from the relief sought and the facts brief. The tool writes no part of the supporting affidavit — no draft, no scaffold, no suggested paragraphs; once the lawyer has written it, the tool may only index its exhibits, list every assertion with no source in the facts brief, and check its form against the rules of the court the matter is in.	YellowClose supervision	Confirm the correct process for that court and the urgency Leave the supporting affidavit to the deponent Disclose adverse facts yourself on without-notice applications
Draft a notice of motion and outline of submissions; the affidavit stays in the witness's own wordsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Draft the notice of motion and a submissions outline from the relief and facts brief. The tool writes no part of the supporting affidavit — no draft, no scaffold, no suggested paragraphs; once the lawyer has written it, the tool may only index its exhibits, list every assertion with no source, and check its form against the court’s affidavit rules.	YellowClose supervision	Confirm the right process for the court and relief, and urgent listing steps Record the undertaking as to damages and advise the client on it Verify authorities yourself (e.g. Beecham v Bristol (1968) 118 CLR 618) Verify Agar v Hyde (2000) 201 CLR 552 and any other authority cited Make full and frank disclosure on a without-notice application
Prepare a hearing chronology from the key documentsStart this task See suggested levels	Build a dated chronology with document references from the permitted pleadings and key files, and list gaps and inconsistencies.	YellowClose supervision	Source every row on the file Leave out argument unless the court asks for a narrative chronology
Prepare a chronology the Supreme Court note contemplatesChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Draft a chronology, index or document summary from documents the lawyer has cleared under paragraph 9A.	YellowClose supervision	Match each row to the document Do not let the chronology rephrase what a witness will say
Draft the expert brief and review the draft report for scopeStart this task See suggested levels	Turn the issues list into a draft letter of instruction and, once a draft report arrives, table assumptions, opinions and any AI-disclosure language to check.	YellowClose supervision	Confirm instructions and assumptions Confirm the report answers the questions asked Remember the expert's duty is to the court
Draft the mediation position paper and a settlement-range briefing noteStart this task See suggested levels	From the pleadings, evidence table and instructions, draft a mediation paper and a confidential BATNA/WATNA note for the lawyer.	YellowClose supervision	Take settlement range and offers from client instructions Check the paper does not waive privilege or overstate the evidence
Draft the settlement deed, consent orders and releasesStart this task See suggested levels	Turn the settlement terms into a first-draft deed, consent orders and release clauses, with a list of parties, proceeding details and completion steps to confirm.	YellowClose supervision	Check legal names, execution formalities and any court-approval requirement Check release scope; over-broad releases catch claims the client did not intend to give up
Draft the settlement deed, consent orders, Tomlin order and releasesChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Turn the settlement terms into a draft deed, consent orders, Tomlin order and releases, listing parties, proceeding details, and PPSA discharge or stamp-duty steps.	YellowClose supervision	Check names, ABN/ACN, proceeding number and court Scope the releases and check any statutory limit on them Put consent orders in the court's form Check PPSA discharge and stamp duty Check execution, including Corporations Act s 127, and Limitation Act effects Get court approval for class actions, minors or persons under incapacity
Build a limitation and procedural-deadline calendar from the fileStart this task See suggested levels	Extract filing, service, limitation and timetable dates from the pleadings, orders and correspondence into a calendar with source references.	RedLawyer-led	Calculate every deadline from the current court rules and the sealed orders Do not treat date arithmetic as authority to miss a limit
Check a court document against the AI practice note before filingStart this task See suggested levels	Extract citations, quotes and chronology rows from a draft court document into a verification list.	RedLawyer-led	Check the draft against the practice note of the court on the file Verify every citation in a source you trust
Check a New Zealand court document against the Courts of New Zealand lawyer guidelinesChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract the court or tribunal name, the document type, and a list of citations and factual assertions for the lawyer to verify.	RedLawyer-led	Confirm the forum is listed in the 7 December 2023 guidelines Verify every citation Do not apply an Australian AI practice note Disclose AI use only if the court asks
Separate an ACT matter from a Commonwealth matter before using an AI ruleChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract the court name, registry and statute from the draft into a jurisdiction line for the lawyer to confirm.	RedLawyer-led	Name the court; do not leave "Canberra" as the jurisdiction
Check a Federal Court draft against GPN-AI before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract the citations, quotes and chronology rows from a draft pleading or submission into a verification list.	RedLawyer-led	Sign or settle the document yourself Read the authorities; a verification list does not replace that
Prepare a Supreme Court submission so it can be verified under SC Gen 23Checklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract citations and evidence references from a draft submission into a verification list for the author.	RedLawyer-led	Verify the authorities yourself as the author Do not rely on the same or another tool to confirm citations are real; that does not satisfy the note
Record the Northern Territory court’s position and the actual forumChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Organise a cover note with the court name, any Commonwealth overlay, and the pages searched. Do not generate a statement of the court’s rules.	RedLawyer-led	If the file is in the Federal Court, switch to GPN-AI If it is in the Supreme Court, record what that Court's site shows
Check references in a Queensland submission before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract every case, statute and pinpoint from a draft submission into a list for the lawyer to open.	RedLawyer-led	Do not file while any reference has been checked only by the tool that drafted it
Apply the South Australian court guideline before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract citations and factual propositions from a draft into a list the lawyer will check after reading the South Australian guideline.	RedLawyer-led	Read the Authority's guideline; it is the operative text Do not file on the strength of this website's summary
Record the Tasmanian court’s current position before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Organise a search note template listing the court pages checked and the practice directions found. Do not generate the legal position.	RedLawyer-led	Look at the Court itself Do not treat "no note found on a third-party list" as the end of the search
Check a federal court document against Rule 11 and any standing order before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Flag whether the draft discloses generative-AI use and list the judge, court and local-rule URLs for the lawyer to open.	RedLawyer-led	Open the judge's standing orders; there is no national court AI note File an AI certificate where required, e.g. E.D. Tex. (9 April 2025) Note that an E.D. Tex. filing without a certificate is presumed AI-free
Verify a Victorian Supreme Court document under SC Gen 25Checklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract citations, quotes and factual propositions from a draft court document into a list for human verification.	RedLawyer-led	Have the lawyer, or the court user responsible, complete the verification Do not count a second model's confirmation
Verify a Western Australian Supreme Court document before it is signedChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract propositions, citations and omissions to check from a draft court document.	RedLawyer-led	Read for missing issues as well as false citations Remember the guidelines put omissions on the person who files
Decide whether discovery or suppressed material can go into a toolStart this task See suggested levels	Build an index of candidate documents from metadata the lawyer has already cleared, without opening the underlying files in the tool.	RedLawyer-led	Decide whether discovery, subpoenaed or suppressed material may be processed, and where Do not treat the index as permission to upload
Decide whether non-public, suppressed or privileged material can go into a toolChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Flag any text in the draft that appears to be private, confidential, suppressed, privileged or not already public.	RedLawyer-led	Keep out anything not already public Keep out private, confidential, suppressed or privileged material Tell the registry promptly if suppressed material went in
Decide whether a South Australian discovery or suppressed document may be uploadedChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Organise a list of document categories from filenames the lawyer has already cleared. Do not upload the documents themselves.	RedLawyer-led	Do not rely on a "closed" label Ask whether uploads retrain the model or are kept after the agreement ends
Decide whether US discovery or suppressed material can go into a toolChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	List each document class (produced discovery, sealed, PHI, work product) for a permission table.	RedLawyer-led	Check protective orders and Rule 1.6 first Keep work-product mental impressions out of public tools (D.C. Opinion 388) Default to a closed environment or no tool
Check legislation citations against the official registerStart this task See suggested levels	Extract legislation citations from a draft into a list for checking on the official register.	RedLawyer-led	Open each citation on this jurisdiction's official legislation register Do not treat a second model as confirmation
Check legislation citations against legislation.govt.nzChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract every Act, regulation and section number from the draft into a verification table.	RedLawyer-led	Open each instrument on legislation.govt.nz Confirm the version in force at the material date Do not use the Federal Register of Legislation or a state register
Check ACT legislation citations on the registerChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract ACT Act and regulation citations from a draft into a list for the legislation register.	YellowClose supervision	Label a Commonwealth Act citation as Commonwealth, not as an ACT law
Check Northern Territory legislation citationsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract Territory Act citations from a draft into a list for the legislation database.	YellowClose supervision	Remove citations that resolve to another jurisdiction's Act
Check Tasmanian legislation citations against the registerChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Extract every Tasmanian Act and section from a draft into a list to open on the legislation register.	YellowClose supervision	Replace any citation that does not resolve, or resolves to a different Act
Check procedural citations against the court rulesStart this task See suggested levels	Extract procedural citations from a draft into a list for checking against the court rules.	RedLawyer-led	Open the court rules that apply in this jurisdiction Do not paste interstate procedure as if it were local
Separate South Australian procedure from interstate precedentsChecklist Start this task See suggested levels	Flag procedural steps in a draft that cite a court rule, and list the jurisdiction each citation claims to be from.	YellowClose supervision	Open the South Australian rule Do not accept a NSW or Victorian form number because the draft is confident
Summarise the opposing pleading and list the facts still in issueStart this task See suggested levels	Turn the claim and defence into a table of admitted, denied and not-admitted facts, with a list of particulars that remain outstanding.	GreenLawyer review	Check the table against the filed pleadings Decide the legal effect of admissions; do not treat a summary as the pleading
Check an NCAT filing for material barred from Gen AI toolsChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for New South WalesNew South Wales only	List summonsed, non-publication and statutorily restricted material in the file.	RedLawyer-led	Decide whether any controlled-environment exception applies (para 9).
Prepare an SA court affidavit compliant with the SA Gen AI guidelinesStart this task See suggested levelsSouth Australia onlySource basis: SA court guideline.	Check that any AI-assisted statement fairly and fully reflects the witness's evidence.	RedLawyer-led	Confirm with the witness.
Verify every authority in a brief before filingChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia only	Check AI-produced citations against authorised reports.	RedLawyer-led	Costs and referrals follow fake citations.
Prepare an expert-report leave application where Gen AI will be usedChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia only	Draft the application for leave to use Gen AI in an expert report.	YellowClose supervision	NSW SC Gen 23 para 20 requires leave.
Investigate AI tools for document collation as ordered by the courtChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia only	Assess AI for chronologies, summaries and document management.	YellowClose supervision	Follow court orders like Lee J's s 37P(2) orders.
Draft a firm AI-supervision protocol for litigation teamsChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia only	Draft supervision and verification rules.	GreenLawyer review	Partner approves.
First-pass document review for relevance in discoveryChecklist Start this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia only	Use AI to rank and classify documents.	YellowClose supervision	Lawyer reviews privileged and borderline documents.
Prepare an AI-use disclosure statement for a Federal Court filingStart this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia onlySource basis: Area-specific AU source in links	Draft disclosure per GPN-AI.	GreenLawyer review	Lawyer confirms compliance.
Verify every authority in submissions before filingStart this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia onlySource basis: Area-specific AU source in links	Run a citation check against AustLII/JADE.	YellowClose supervision	Lawyer signs off; see the AI hallucination cases.
Summarise discovery for privilege review with technology-assisted reviewStart this task See suggested levelsWritten for AustraliaAustralia onlySource basis: Area-specific AU source in links	Run TAR on a discovery set.	YellowClose supervision	Lawyer reviews privilege calls.

Firm-wide obligations

Firm-wide obligations
Obligation	What it covers
Trust accounting & handling client money	Checks that apply across files.
Costs, billing & litigation funding	Checks that apply across files.
Client-facing & access-to-justice AI tools	Checks that apply across files.
Incoming evidence — deepfakes & synthetic documents	Checks that apply across files.
AI decision systems	Checks that apply across files.
Confidentiality & client information	Checks that apply across files.
AML/CTF — the practice as a reporting entity	Checks that apply across files.

What changes in Australia

What changes in Australia
Topic	What changes
Witness evidence	AI must not draft the substance of affidavits, witness statements or character references, or alter a witness's evidence. NSW SC Gen 23 (3 February 2025), GPN-AI (April 2026), Vic SC Gen 25 (May 2026), NCAT PD7 (April 2025).
Citations	Check every case on AustLII, LexisNexis AU or Westlaw AU: it exists, says what is claimed and is good law. Re Dayal (VLSB, August 2025): no independent practice for at least two years; a legal AI tool was used.
Experts	Every opinion in a filed report must be the expert's own. An expert who uses AI to draft report content needs prior leave (NCAT PD7, GPN-AI).
Limits on AI assistance	Never use AI to draft, embellish or rephrase the substance of a witness's evidence. Never file, submit or advise on an AI-generated citation without checking it in a primary database. Never let AI generate an expert's opinion or the substance of an expert's report.

Supreme Court of NSW: SC Gen 23, amended 28 January 2025 · 2026-09-16
Supreme Court of Victoria: SC GEN 25, 14 May 2026 · 2026-09-16

What changes in New Zealand

What changes in New Zealand
Topic	What changes
Court AI guidelines	Open the Courts of New Zealand lawyer guidelines (7 December 2023) before filing. They cover the Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, High Court, District Court and listed specialist courts and tribunals.
Known risk	Chatbots appear to have had limited training on New Zealand law and procedure. They can invent cases and then confirm the invention.
Your duties	Check every citation before use. You do not have to disclose GenAI use unless the court asks.
Fake cases	The Law Society recorded in December 2025 that New Zealand courts are already seeing references to cases that do not exist.
Procedure and checking	High Court Rules 2016 for civil procedure. Check legislation on legislation.govt.nz and cases in a trusted database or via the Law Society Library. Do not apply SC Gen 23 or GPN-AI.
Limits on AI assistance	Do not file a generated citation, quote or statutory reference until you have opened it in legislation.govt.nz or a trusted case database. Do not enter private, confidential, suppressed or privileged material into a public chatbot. Do not alter a witness's evidence with a generative tool.

What changes in United States

Known here as: Commercial litigation and dispute resolution

What changes in United States
Topic	What changes
Rule 11	Federal civil filings certify, after reasonable inquiry, that legal contentions are warranted by existing law. Mata v. Avianca sanctioned counsel for ChatGPT-fabricated authorities.
Standing orders	Some judges add one. An E.D. Tex. order of 9 April 2025 requires a generative-AI certificate; a filing without it is presumed to use no generative AI.
Discovery	Scope is Rule 26(b)(1) proportionality, including ESI. Mental impressions are protected work product (Rule 26(b)(3)(B)); D.C. Opinion 388 warns against public tools.
Before you file	Open the judge's standing orders. Verify every authority in a reporter or official database, not with another generative tool.
Limits on AI assistance	Do not file a generated citation you have not opened in a real reporter. Do not put privileged discovery or work product into a public tool.

Precedents for this area

All precedents for Commercial Litigation & Dispute Resolution. Signed-in accounts can read the full text.

Related jurisdictions

Australia New Zealand United States